Desertification and government measures to limit its spread in Iraqi law

Abstract

           Desertification is one of the most serious environmental challenges facing the world in the modern era. It represents a direct threat to natural resources and significantly impacts economic and social development in many countries, particularly those located in arid and semi-arid regions. Desertification is defined as the degradation of land in arid regions due to natural factors such as climate change, or human causes such as excessive land use, deforestation, overgrazing, and mismanagement of water resources.

Desertification has become an increasingly widespread phenomenon across the world. Studies indicate that vast areas of agricultural land have been transformed into barren lands unsuitable for agriculture, leading to a decline in agricultural production, exacerbating poverty and hunger, and increasing migration rates from affected areas. Hence, it is important to raise awareness of this phenomenon, investigate its causes and effects, and identify ways to combat it through effective plans to preserve environmental balance and ensure sustainable development